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Chapter 1- Introduction to Moses and Exodus
Exodus is the second book of the , the , and the . In , it is called by its first words Ve-eleh shemot (: ואלה שמות) (i.e., "And these are the names") or simply Shemot (שמות). The Septuagint designates the second book of the Pentateuch as "Exodus" (: Ἔξοδος), meaning "departure" or "out-going". The Latin translation adopted the name, which passed into other languages. The major events of the book concern , a departure of slaves from under the leadership of .
The book is generally broken into six sections
Chapters 1-12-Story of Enslavement and Moses
Chapters 13-18-The Journey from Egypt to Mount Sinai
Chapters 19-24-The Covenant between God and Man
Chapters 25-31-Instructions for Items of Worship
Chapters 32-34-The Golden Calf and Re-giving of the Law
Chapters 35-40-The Construction of the Tabernacle
The time-span in this book, from the death of to the erection of the in the wilderness, covers about one hundred and forty-five years, on the supposition that one computes the four hundred and thirty years (12:40) from the time of the promises made to (Gal. 3:17).
Moses (: מֹשֶׁה, Moshe Mōšeh; : موسى, Mūsā; : ሙሴ Musse) was an early religious leader, lawgiver, , military leader and historian. Much of the material in the is traditionally attributed to Moses. He is also an important prophet in and the .
According to the book of , Moses was born to a Hebrew mother who hid him when a ordered all newborn Hebrew boys to be killed, and ended up being adopted into the royal family. After killing an Egyptian slave master, he fled and became a shepherd, and was later commanded by to deliver the Hebrews from slavery. After the were unleashed upon , he led the Hebrew slaves out of , through the , and in the desert for 40 years. Despite living to 120, he did not enter the , as he disobeyed God when God instructed him on how to bring forth water from a rock in the desert.
Some secular archaeologists believe Moses was a fictional character, since no physical evidence like pottery shards or stone tablets have been found to corroborate his existence.
- The name Moses comes from two words, one meaning "water", the other meaning to "come out of" ("to come out of water"). This shows significance as the word "water" in the Bible is often a metaphor referring to evil, gentiles or the world. Thus, Moses name symbolized a special deliverance of evil by God as he led them to the promised land. Moses also led the Israelites across the Red Sea which would also show deliverance out of water.
- Some medieval Jewish scholars had suggested that Moses' actual name was the Egyptian translation of "to draw out", and that it was translated into Hebrew, either by the Bible, or by Moses himself later in his lifetime.
- Some modern scholars had suggested that the daughter of the pharaoh might have derived his name from the Egyptian word moses, which means "son" or "formed of"; for example, "Thutmose" means "son of ", and Rameses means "son of ".
- In ancient Egyptian language, the word "" meant "water" while the word "" meant "son". His complete name "Mosa" would mean "the son of water" as he was found in a basket in water.
- Amongst the and populations of the northern state there is mention of an ancestral culture hero Moschos, linked to the Greek hero (whose name means "calf"), who has certain similarities to parts of the Moses story.
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